Gender incongruence and gender dysphoria in childhood and adolescence-current insights in diagnostics, management, and follow-up.
Identifieur interne : 000194 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000193; suivant : 000195Gender incongruence and gender dysphoria in childhood and adolescence-current insights in diagnostics, management, and follow-up.
Auteurs : Hedi Claahsen-Van Der Grinten [Pays-Bas] ; Chris Verhaak [Pays-Bas] ; Thomas Steensma [Pays-Bas] ; Tim Middelberg [Pays-Bas] ; Joep Roeffen [Pays-Bas] ; Daniel Klink [Belgique]Source :
- European journal of pediatrics [ 1432-1076 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Gender incongruence (GI) is defined as a condition in which the gender identity of a person does not align with the gender assigned at birth. Awareness and more social acceptance have paved the way for early medical intervention about two decades ago and are now part of good clinical practice although much robust data is lacking. Medical and mental treatment in adolescents with GI is complex and is recommended to take place within a team of mental health professionals, psychiatrists, endocrinologists, and other healthcare providers. The somatic treatment generally consists of the use of GnRH analogues to prevent the progression of biological puberty and subsequently gender-affirming hormonal treatment to develop sex characteristics of the self-identified gender and surgical procedures. However to optimize treatment regimens, long-term follow-up and additional studies are still needed. What is known • The prevalence of gender dysphoria increased significantly in the past years and can lead to significant complaints and burdens especially during puberty. • Pubertal suppression and gender-affirmed treatment can be effectively used in adolescence with gender dysphoria. What is new • Transgender mental and medical healthcare is a long-lasting process during which not only the child/adolescent with GI but also their parents/family have to be counseled in making choices about their social, medical, and legal transitions. • There are an increasing number of transgender persons defining as nonbinary. Therefore, an individualized approach by an experienced team is necessary.
DOI: 10.1007/s00431-020-03906-y
PubMed: 33337526
Affiliations:
- Belgique, Pays-Bas
- Groningue (province), Gueldre, Hollande-Septentrionale
- Amsterdam, Groningue, Nimègue
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follow-up.</title><author><name sortKey="Claahsen Van Der Grinten, Hedi" sort="Claahsen Van Der Grinten, Hedi" uniqKey="Claahsen Van Der Grinten H" first="Hedi" last="Claahsen-Van Der Grinten">Hedi Claahsen-Van Der Grinten</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands. hedi.claahsen@radboudumc.nl.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Nimègue</settlement><region type="province" nuts="2">Gueldre</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Verhaak, Chris" sort="Verhaak, Chris" uniqKey="Verhaak C" first="Chris" last="Verhaak">Chris Verhaak</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Psychology, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Nimègue</settlement><region type="province" nuts="2">Gueldre</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steensma, Thomas" sort="Steensma, Thomas" uniqKey="Steensma T" first="Thomas" last="Steensma">Thomas Steensma</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria and Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria and Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Middelberg, Tim" sort="Middelberg, Tim" uniqKey="Middelberg T" first="Tim" last="Middelberg">Tim Middelberg</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of plastic surgery, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of plastic surgery, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roeffen, Joep" sort="Roeffen, Joep" uniqKey="Roeffen J" first="Joep" last="Roeffen">Joep Roeffen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Genderteam South Netherlands, Mutsaersstichting, Venlo/Eindhoven, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Genderteam South Netherlands, Mutsaersstichting, Venlo/Eindhoven</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Venlo/Eindhoven</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klink, Daniel" sort="Klink, Daniel" uniqKey="Klink D" first="Daniel" last="Klink">Daniel Klink</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, ZNA Queen Paola Children's Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital and Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, ZNA Queen Paola Children's Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital and Ghent University, Ghent</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ghent</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">European journal of pediatrics</title><idno type="eISSN">1432-1076</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Gender incongruence (GI) is defined as a condition in which the gender identity of a person does not align with the gender assigned at birth. Awareness and more social acceptance have paved the way for early medical intervention about two decades ago and are now part of good clinical practice although much robust data is lacking. Medical and mental treatment in adolescents with GI is complex and is recommended to take place within a team of mental health professionals, psychiatrists, endocrinologists, and other healthcare providers. The somatic treatment generally consists of the use of GnRH analogues to prevent the progression of biological puberty and subsequently gender-affirming hormonal treatment to develop sex characteristics of the self-identified gender and surgical procedures. However to optimize treatment regimens, long-term follow-up and additional studies are still needed. What is known • The prevalence of gender dysphoria increased significantly in the past years and can lead to significant complaints and burdens especially during puberty. • Pubertal suppression and gender-affirmed treatment can be effectively used in adolescence with gender dysphoria. What is new • Transgender mental and medical healthcare is a long-lasting process during which not only the child/adolescent with GI but also their parents/family have to be counseled in making choices about their social, medical, and legal transitions. • There are an increasing number of transgender persons defining as nonbinary. Therefore, an individualized approach by an experienced team is necessary.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="Publisher" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">33337526</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>18</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1432-1076</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Dec</Month><Day>18</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>European journal of pediatrics</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Eur J Pediatr</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Gender incongruence and gender dysphoria in childhood and adolescence-current insights in diagnostics, management, and follow-up.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s00431-020-03906-y</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Gender incongruence (GI) is defined as a condition in which the gender identity of a person does not align with the gender assigned at birth. Awareness and more social acceptance have paved the way for early medical intervention about two decades ago and are now part of good clinical practice although much robust data is lacking. Medical and mental treatment in adolescents with GI is complex and is recommended to take place within a team of mental health professionals, psychiatrists, endocrinologists, and other healthcare providers. The somatic treatment generally consists of the use of GnRH analogues to prevent the progression of biological puberty and subsequently gender-affirming hormonal treatment to develop sex characteristics of the self-identified gender and surgical procedures. However to optimize treatment regimens, long-term follow-up and additional studies are still needed. What is known • The prevalence of gender dysphoria increased significantly in the past years and can lead to significant complaints and burdens especially during puberty. • Pubertal suppression and gender-affirmed treatment can be effectively used in adolescence with gender dysphoria. What is new • Transgender mental and medical healthcare is a long-lasting process during which not only the child/adolescent with GI but also their parents/family have to be counseled in making choices about their social, medical, and legal transitions. • There are an increasing number of transgender persons defining as nonbinary. Therefore, an individualized approach by an experienced team is necessary.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Claahsen-van der Grinten</LastName><ForeName>Hedi</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0181-0403</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands. hedi.claahsen@radboudumc.nl.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Verhaak</LastName><ForeName>Chris</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Steensma</LastName><ForeName>Thomas</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria and Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Middelberg</LastName><ForeName>Tim</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of plastic surgery, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Roeffen</LastName><ForeName>Joep</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Genderteam South Netherlands, Mutsaersstichting, Venlo/Eindhoven, Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Klink</LastName><ForeName>Daniel</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, ZNA Queen Paola Children's Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital and Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>18</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Germany</Country><MedlineTA>Eur J Pediatr</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>7603873</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0340-6199</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Gender dysphoria</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Gender incongruence</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Gender-affirming treatment</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Pubertal suppression</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Transgender care</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>05</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>10</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>04</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>12</Hour><Minute>12</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>19</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>19</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>aheadofprint</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">33337526</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1007/s00431-020-03906-y</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">10.1007/s00431-020-03906-y</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Association AP (2013) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5), 5th edn. 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Pediatrics 145:e20190741</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1542/peds.2019-0741</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Belgique</li><li>Pays-Bas</li></country><region><li>Groningue (province)</li><li>Gueldre</li><li>Hollande-Septentrionale</li></region><settlement><li>Amsterdam</li><li>Groningue</li><li>Nimègue</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Gueldre"><name sortKey="Claahsen Van Der Grinten, Hedi" sort="Claahsen Van Der Grinten, Hedi" uniqKey="Claahsen Van Der Grinten H" first="Hedi" last="Claahsen-Van Der Grinten">Hedi Claahsen-Van Der Grinten</name></region><name sortKey="Middelberg, Tim" sort="Middelberg, Tim" uniqKey="Middelberg T" first="Tim" last="Middelberg">Tim Middelberg</name><name sortKey="Roeffen, Joep" sort="Roeffen, Joep" uniqKey="Roeffen J" first="Joep" last="Roeffen">Joep Roeffen</name><name sortKey="Steensma, Thomas" sort="Steensma, Thomas" uniqKey="Steensma T" first="Thomas" last="Steensma">Thomas Steensma</name><name sortKey="Verhaak, Chris" sort="Verhaak, Chris" uniqKey="Verhaak C" first="Chris" last="Verhaak">Chris Verhaak</name></country><country name="Belgique"><noRegion><name sortKey="Klink, Daniel" sort="Klink, Daniel" uniqKey="Klink D" first="Daniel" last="Klink">Daniel Klink</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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